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The research discussed the topic of graduate unemployment and its main determinants in Sudan during the period 2005-2018, considering the existence of a number of economic, social and common socio-economic factors believed to be behind this phenomenon. The research aimed to shed light on the phenomenon of graduate unemployment and identify the main factors behind the increasing number of graduates in the state of unemployment in Sudan. The research was based on a main hypothesis, which is the existence of economic factors, Social and other common factors that support the increase in graduate unemployment in Sudan. A number of sub-hypotheses branched out from it, namely: the deterioration of living standards due to low incomes (economic factors) contribute to the increase in graduate unemployment. Gender factor, expansion of university education, scientific specialization, housing, labor market status and available skills (social factors) are major in determining the level of graduate unemployment. In addition to the failure of the state's economic policies and plans and higher education to provide a balance between academic qualifications and practical experiences on the one hand and the requirements of the modern labor market on other hand , it creates graduate unemployment. A sample of (50) individuals was taken from the Sudanese university graduates community, using the descriptive-inferential statistical approach through the application of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) on the computer. The analysis was carried out number of results were reached, the most important of which are: Graduate unemployment is prevalent between both social gender. The main reasons for its increase are: the expansion of admission to public and private university education, specifically theoretical fields. The deteriorated of economic conditions-specifically, low living standards and real incomes. As well as, weak programs of graduate employment and narrowness of employment opportunities supplied by productive-projects. In addition to, low allocation of public Expenditure devoted to higher education, which harmed the university education and training process and its outcomes. In general, there is severe weakness and lack of coordination in the state's economic plans and policies and Sudanese higher education and its programs. The most important recommendations are: the necessity of formulating an integrated strategy to solve the problem of graduate unemployment in which all relevant parties participate (the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Finance, Youth Councils, etc.), addressing structural imbalances in the labor market and removing distortions by conducting continuous surveys and studies of the labor market. |
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