Drinking Water Quality Assessment Case Study Abeche, Chad

Abstract

This thesis was conducted to determine the characteristics(chemical, physical and biological) to drinking water quality in Abeche city. Samples of water were collected from many points (12 points) upon length of the general network pipeline of water and Four (4) sides in the city were selected which represent the highest consuming areas. For wells water, samples were taken from wells directly. Results showed presence of biological contamination by coliforms bacteria in samples especially in the samples of residential areas from taps water and assemblers. Results also showed increase in the concentrations of most physical and chemical parameters and elements like Electrical conductivity(EC) and Total dissolved solids (TDS) in water sources within fair level in wells samples especially in Digueri, BenjadidSud wells. Calcium(Ca2+), Manganese(Mn) and Brome (Br2) in all samples(network, wells) exceeded permissible limits of (WHO) guidelines. Also results showed decreases in concentrations of some elements like Fluoride below the permissible guidelines of WHO . The other parameters and elements of water components: SO4-2 ,NO3-, NO2- ,NH4+, S-2 ,CN-, Cl- ,Cr+6 , MnCO3-3 , PO4-3, Fe , Zn , Cu , K , I2 and Pb. recorded acceptable values with small variations between network samples and wells samples.