Assessment of Serum Lipid Profile in Sudanese Diabetic Patients Treated with Insulin and/or Oral Hypoglycemic Medications

Abstract

Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological basis of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia.Most lipid abnormal ities in type 2 diabetes can be explained by reduced action of insulin at the tissuelevel.This cross sectional study was carried out to assess the impact of diabetes mellitus on lipid profile of Sudanese diabetic patients treated with insulin and/or oral hyp oglycemic agentsat Kosti teaching hospital, during October, 2008 – April, 2009. One hundred and sixty three diabetic patients aged between 15 - 85years were included. They were informed and consented to participate in this study. Subjected patients were class ified into three groups according to their medication;group A (n=36)includes patientstreated with insulin, group B (n=113)were patients treated withhypoglycemic agents and group C (n=14), those whom wereusing combination of both insulin and oral hypoglycem ic agent as treatment.Patientsblood samples were taken and examined for lipids profile and HbA 1C using spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques, respectively. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS program for windows, V,20. U singstudent - 't' test. Patients results were compared with results of one hundred persons as controls. In this study there was an elevatedmean level ofcholesterol(4.88±1.55mmol/L),triglycerides(2.2±0.66mmol/L), LDL(3.1± 1.76 mmol/L), ApoB(1.48± 0.6g/L), and HbA 1C (10.4±4.5%), and red uced mean levels of HDL(1.15± 0.36 mmol/L)and ApoA ( 1.62 ± 0.1g/L) in all groupswhen compared with control. All patients were having HbA 1C >9%.Mean values of cholesterol , triglycerides , LDL, HDL, ApoB, ApoA and HbA 1C of diabetic patients were found non - significant when compared with controls ( P values were 0.340, 0.802, 0.489, 0.812, 0.342, 0.490 and 0.840), respectively. The assessment of lipid profile in serum of diabetic patients treated with insulin and/or oral hypoglycemic agents should be done to reduce the r isk of fat gain to diabetic patients.Glycemic control and treatment of dyslipidemia reduces the development and progression of diabetic complications