The effect of oral hypoglycemic agents in the Urine Cytology of Females with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Setting: Urine cytology is the most widely used non invasive test to detect urothelial atypical changes. Though, it is limited by its low sensitivity, particularly in the detection of urothelial tumors, but it can be useful in identification of changes such as inflammatory conditions. Therefore, This study was conducted at Kosti Teaching Hospital January- March 2009 and it aimed to assess the inflammatory, metaplastic and neoplastic (if any) that might results from the effect of pharmacologic treatment-oral hypoglycemic agents in females with diabetes mellitus (DM) type II. Material and Methods: One hundred women with DM type II were recruited for this study by simple random method regardless of their ages and ethnicities. Full voided urine specimen was collected in sterile urine container and prepared to be stained according to Papanicolaou method. Results: Out of 100 cases, 60 (60%) were found with inflammatory cell infiltrates. These inflammatory cells were found to increase with increasing the duration of the disease. Cytological evidences of bacterial infection were identified among 52 (61.2%) and 31 patients (72.1%), of those under pharmacologic treatment and poor socioeconomic status respectively. Cytological atypia was not found. Conclusion: Inflammatory infiltrate was common amongst patients with DM type II. The elevation in risk of urinary tract infections among type II diabetic women was mainly present in those who were on treatment. Further studies to investigate the relation between bacterial infection and the type of inflammatory infiltrate are recommended. Key words: Urine cytology, oral hypoglycemic agents, diabetes mellitus