http://dspace.mahdi.edu.sd:8080/xmlui//xmlui/handle/123456789/222 2026-07-22T01:19:41Z 2026-07-22T01:19:41Z Shimaa, Alhag Musa Mohamed http://dspace.mahdi.edu.sd:8080/xmlui//xmlui/handle/123456789/1340 2026-07-15T07:56:22Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Extraction and Applications of Rosmarinus Shimaa, Alhag Musa Mohamed The aim of this research is to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial effects, identify the constituent compounds, calculate the extraction rate, and conduct phytochemical analysis of rosemary. Rosemary, also known as Rosmarinus officinalis, is native to the Mediterranean region. It belongs to the mint family and is an evergreen shrub related to basil and marjoram. Some rosemary plants can reach a height of one meter or more. Its small, grayish-green leaves resemble pine needles and have a sweet, slightly bitter aroma similar to lemon. Its flowers range in color from white to light and dark blue and bloom in the spring. The use of rosemary dates back to 500 BC when the ancient Greeks and Romans used it as a culinary and medicinal herb to treat many ailments. In 1987, researchers at Rutgers University in New Jersey obtained a patent for a preservative. A sample of rosemary was taken, dried, ground, weighed, and placed in a Soxhlet extraction apparatus. After exiting the apparatus, it was weighed, the extraction rate was calculated, and the components present in the rosemary were identified and collected by conducting phytochemical analysis using potassium hydroxide, ferric chloride, copper acetate, acetic anhydride, and concentrated sulfuric acid. Chemical laboratory experiments were carried out, revealing some substances such as flavonoids (yellow), tannins (dark green), terpenes (blue-green), and saponins. Foam was observed, but anthraquinone glycosides were not detected. Furthermore, its toxicity to stromal cells was tested using shrimp. Three samples of the extract were taken at different concentrations, and the shrimp were monitored for a full day. It was found that the lower the concentration, the greater the number of stromal cells killed. I recommend using rosemary to treat certain diseases such as Alzheimer's, depression, diabetes, and cancer. It has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, and it also possesses cosmetic properties that improve hair growth. Furthermore, it has

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Kamel Saeid Idris,  Sara http://dspace.mahdi.edu.sd:8080/xmlui//xmlui/handle/123456789/1247 2024-09-17T08:03:18Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Simulation of Carbon Doxide Absorption by using Aqueous Diethanolamine Solution using Aspen Hysys Kamel Saeid Idris,  Sara ثاني أكسيد الكربون أحد غازات الدفيئة وهو يشكل نسبة عالية من الغازات المؤثرة على الاحتباس الحراري وقد أدت زيادة تركيز ثاني اكسيد الكربون إلى ارتفاع درجة سطح الارض بمقدار (ppm 280) إلى (500 ppm)، في هذه الدراسة تم دراسة الامتصاص الكيميائي لثاني أكسيد الكربون في المحلول المائي (ثنائي ايثانول امين (DEA)) وقد تم دراسة نمذجة ومحاكاة لبرج الحشوات لامتصاص ثاني أكسيد الكربون بواسطة محلول (DEA) وذلك باستخدام برنامج الهايسس. افترضت في هذه الدراسة أن العملية تتم عند ظروف مستقرة وإنعدام ثبات درجة الحرارة، في النظام الذي تم دراسة معدل تدفق الغاز (1.38 kgmol/hr) ومعدل تدفق السائل (0.467 kgmol/hr) ودرجة حراة الغاز والسائل (298 Fo) و (77 Fo) على التوالي . أثبتت الدراسة انه يمكن زيادة نسبة امتصاص ثاني أكسيد الكربون بزيادة الضغط وزيادة معدل التدفق المذيب وزيادة نسبة ثاني أكسيد الكربون في المذاب الداخل وبتقليل درجة الحرارة . Carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases, and it constitutes a high percentage of the gases affecting global warming. The increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide has led to an increase in the earth’s surface temperature by (280ppm) to (500ppm). In this study, the chemical absorption of carbon dioxide was studied in Aqueous solution (Diethanolamine (DEA)) Modeling and simulation of tower fillings for carbon dioxide adsorption by (DEA) was studied using the Hiace program. In this study, it was assumed that the process takes place at stable conditions and temperature instability, in the system in which the gas flow rate (1.38 kgmol/hr), the liquid flow rate (0.467 kgmol/hr), the gas-liquid temperature (298 Fo) and (77 Fo) were studied. ) respectively . The study proved that it is possible to increase the percentage of carbon dioxide absorption by increasing the pressure, increasing the solvent flow rate, increasing the percentage of carbon dioxide in the incoming solute and decreasing the temperature.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Sharaf Hassoun Ahmed, Ahmed http://dspace.mahdi.edu.sd:8080/xmlui//xmlui/handle/123456789/1203 2024-08-20T09:46:40Z 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Waste Water Treatment in White Nile Sugar Company Sharaf Hassoun Ahmed, Ahmed تعتبر معالجه المياه الراجعه من الصناعه من اهم العمليات في الصناعه الحديثه لتقليل التلوث البيئ الناتج من المخلفات الصناعية, والاستفاده من المياه المعالجه في الري واستخدام الحمأه في عمليه تسميد التربه . ويهدف هدا البحث لمعالجه المياه الراجعه من مصنع سكر النيل الابيض عن طريق المعالجه الهوائيه واضافه المغذيات لنمو البكتريا. تم جمع واخذ عينة المياة الغير معالجة من مياة الصرف لمصنع سكر النيل الابيض واظهرت الدراسة على ان عينة المياة تحتوي علي نسب عالية جدا من الاكسجين الحيوي (BOD), الاكسجين الكيميائي(COD) , الموصلية الكهربية (EC) , المواد الصلبة الذائبة (TDS) وكمية منخفضة للاس الهيدروجيني (PH), وهي (3264mg/L) , (4080mg/l) , (2.4μs/m) , (1693mg/L) و (4.33) على التوالي وهي في الحد الغير مسموح به للاستخدام في اغراض الري بناء على المواصفات للمياة المعالجة. بعد خمسة أيام من المعالجة بواسطة التخمر الهوائي تم قياس المعاملات اعلاة بعد المعالجة ووجد ان كمية الاكسجين الحيوي (BOD), الاكسجين الكيميائي(COD) , الموصلية الكهربية (EC) , المواد الصلبة الذائبة (TDS)قد انخفضت الي (300mg/L) , (380mg/l) , (1.3μs/m) , (1134mg/L) على التوالي وان قيمة الاس الهيدروجيني قد ارتفع الى (6.4) وقيم هذه النتائج مثلى وهذه القيم مسموح بها لأي غرض وفقا للمواصفات القياسية على المستويين الدولي والمحلي. The treatment of recycled water from industries is one of the most important. Processes in the industry to reduce the environmental pollution resulting from industrial waste and to benefit from water in irrigation and watering in soil fertilization. This research aims to treat the water returned from the White Nile sugar factory (WNSF) through aerobic treatment and add nutrients to the growth of bacteria. The samples of wastewater were collected from (WNSF). The study showed that all wastewaters contain very high levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), electricalconductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS)and low value of PH. These are (3264 mg/L) (4080mg/l), (2.4μs/m),(1693mg/L) and(4.33) respectively This limit impermissible for irrigation uses. Then the working method of treatment after five days of aerobic digestion the performance of the treatment and the same parameters were measured after treatment processing andthe dissolved organic reductions of BOD,COD, EC, TDS and PH values, were noticed Theseare (300 mg/L), (380mg/l), (1.3μs/m),(1134mg/L)and (6.4) respectivelyand we obtained the optimum results and these values are permissible to use for any purpose according to standard specifications both internationally and locally.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Altyib Haj ALMAKKi, Omyma http://dspace.mahdi.edu.sd:8080/xmlui//xmlui/handle/123456789/1198 2024-08-20T08:25:55Z 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Simulation of furfural Production from Bagasse Altyib Haj ALMAKKi, Omyma الهدف من هذه الدراسه زيادة انتاج مركب الفورفورال من خلال المحاكاه باستخدام الحزمه البرامجيه Aspen HYSYS الاصدار 9. الفوفورال يتم انتاجه عن طريق التحليل الحمضي للبقاس، الحمض الاكثر استخداما هو حمض الكبريتيك تركيزه بين 10-5% درجه حراره التفاعل 170-230 درجه مؤيه وزمن التفاعل يختلف حسب ظروف التشغيل، تم استخداممفاعل الانسيابي الدفعي. تم إستخدام العديد من ظروف التشغيل (التركيز، الضغط ورجة الحرارة) لفحص أثرها علي إنتاجية الفورفورال. وجد أن الزيادة في التركيز ودرجة الحرارة تزيد انتاجية الفورفورال، لكن الزيادة في الضغط تقلل من إنتاج الفورفورال. اجراء محاكاه لاي عمليه صناعيه من اجل ان نشير بدقه للعوامل التي تؤثر علي ظروف التشغيل . The objective of this work to increase production of furfural through the simulationby using Aspen HYSYS software version 9. The production of furfural via dilute-acid hydrolysis of bagasse materials.The most frequently used acid was H2SO4 at concentrations ranging from 5-10 % Reaction temperature generally varied between 170-230 C. Reaction times varied depending on the other operating conditions. Continuous reactors were used, such as plug flow reactors (PFR). Different operating conditions (Composition, pressure, and temperature) were usedto investigate its effect on yield, and found thatthe increase intemperature and sulfuric acid increase furfural, but increase inpressuredecrease furfural. Simulation was done in order to accurately indicate the conditions affecting the process.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z